Google has signed long-term agreements covering 3,590 megawatts of electricity from Constellation Energy, including a major nuclear expansion that shows how AI data-center growth is pulling technology companies deeper into power generation.
Reuters reported that the agreements represent one of the largest power deals in U.S. grid history.
The package includes a 20-year agreement for 890MW of additional nuclear capacity and a separate 15-year agreement covering another 2,700MW in the PJM electricity market.
Google is paying to get more power from existing reactors
Rather than waiting for entirely new nuclear plants, Google and Constellation plan to extract more output from reactors that are already operating.
Constellation said the agreement will fund upgrades at 11 nuclear units across Illinois, Pennsylvania and New Jersey.
The company estimates the improvements will unlock 890MW of completely new generating capacity, roughly equivalent to adding another large nuclear reactor to the grid.
Constellation plans to invest more than $4.3 billion in the improvements, Reuters reported.
Google said the additional capacity comes from physical and digital upgrades across six operating nuclear plants, with projects expected to support around 4,400 existing jobs and approximately 7,200 construction jobs.
AI infrastructure is running into an electricity constraint
The agreements reflect a broader change in cloud infrastructure economics.
Data-center operators traditionally bought electricity from utilities. Increasingly, the largest technology companies are helping finance generation itself because power availability can determine whether new computing infrastructure can actually come online.
Google’s Global Head of Data Center Energy, Amanda Peterson Corio, said the latest project brings the amount of new U.S. nuclear capacity enabled by Google through uprates and restarts to more than 1.5GW.
The new capacity will feed into PJM Interconnection, the electricity market covering 13 states and Washington, D.C., where data-center demand has become an increasingly important planning issue.
Reuters said the broader agreement supports PJM’s effort to encourage large electricity users to effectively bring additional power with them rather than relying entirely on existing grid capacity.
The partnership also includes AI for the power grid
Interestingly, the relationship runs in both directions.
Constellation said it will deploy Google Cloud and Gemini Enterprise as part of an “AI for Energy” blueprint intended to improve grid operations, affordability and resilience.
That creates an unusual infrastructure loop: AI drives demand for electricity, while AI software is also being introduced to help operate the energy systems supplying that demand.
For founders and infrastructure teams, Google’s agreement signals how dramatically the bottlenecks around AI are changing.
The scarce resource is no longer only GPUs.
Cloud providers increasingly need transmission capacity, generation, grid connections and contracts measured in decades.
That means the next phase of AI infrastructure could be shaped as much by power engineers, utilities and nuclear operators as by chip designers and cloud architects.
